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No. 606,641. 7 Patented Juiy 5, I898.

B. 5. B. BOMFOBD &. H. EVEBSHED. A APPARATUS FOR SCARIFYING AND BREAKINGROADS.

(Application filed Dec. 21, 1$97.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-$heef I.

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No. 606,64l. Patented July 5; I898. n. & B. BUMFDRD & H. EVERSHED.

APPARATUS FOR SCARIFYINGAND BREAKING ROADS.

(Application filed Dec. 21, 1897.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OE IcE.

RAYMOND BOMFORD, OF SALFORD PRIORS, BENJAMIN BOMEOED, OE HAR- RINGTON,AND HENRY EVERSHED, OE SALFORD P IOEs, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO THE ROADBREAKING OOMPANY, (VOYSEY AND I-IOSACKS PATENTS,) LIMITED, OF LONDON,ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR SCARIFYING AND BREAKING ROADS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 606,641, dated July 5,1898.

Application filed December 21, 1897. Serial No. 662,902. (No model.)Patented in England August 9, 1893, No. 15,214.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, RAYMOND BOMEORD, farmer, of Bevington I-Iall,Salford Priors, in the county of Warwick, BENJAMIN BOMFORD,

5 farmer, of Hartington Lodge, Harrington, in the county of WVorcester,and HENRY EVER- ISHED, farm ma ager, of Salford Priors, in the county ofWarwick, England, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus forScarifying and Breaking Roads, (for which we have obtained LettersPatent in Great Britain, No. 15,214, dated August 9, 1893;) and we dohereby I declare that the following is a full,clear, and exactdescription of the invention, which will enable Others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our machine consists of a road-scariiier or machine for breaking uproads or other hard surfaces, the parts of the said scarifier or machinebeing constructed and combined and usedsubstantially in the mannerherein described.

2 5 Our new or improved road-scarifier is prinoipally useful forbreaking up roads, in most cases preparatory to laying down stones ormacadam for repairing the said roads; but the said scarifier may also beused for break- 0 ing up other hard surfaces.

' Our new or improved road-scarifier or machine consists, essentially,of a heavy block of iron made in one or more pieces, carrying atopposite sides a set of, say, four tines or 5 cutters, chisel-pointed,for operating upon the road to be scarified or broken up. The two setsof tines are inclined in opposite directions, one set of the tines beingused for operating on the road when the scarifier is 4o traveling in onedirection and the other set of tines being used for Operating on theroad when the scarifieris traveling in the opposite direction. The blockcarrying the two sets of tines is mounted upon, an axle, which in somecases is that of the traveling wheels of the machine, and mounted uponthe said axle. the said block can swivel and turn, so

' in either direction.

that one set of tines can be raised from the road out of action and theother set of tines lowered into action for operating on the road.Mounted upon the upper part of the swiveling tine-block is a horizontalframe extending considerably beyond the parts of the block To one orother end of carrying the tines. this frame the traction-engine,road-roller, or other motive-power engine is connected for drawing ormoving the scarifier along the road The tines are capable of, adjustmentVertically in the swiveling block, so that their acting ends can be madeto project the required distance from the bottom of the block foroperating at the desired depth upon the road or of being raised abovethesurface of the road in order that the traveling wheels of the machinemay rest upon the road for the traveling of the said machine when thetines are out of action. When either set of tines. is in its acting orlowered position, the whole weight of the machine is borne by the tines,and their action in breaking up the road is made very elfectual. A tankfor containing water maybe combined with the tine-block for supplyingwater to the said tines for keeping them cool.

I11 order to bring the scarifier into action, the sets of tines on theblock are adjusted and the block is'turned on its axle, so as to lowerinto'action that set of tines which is to Operate on the road. After themachine has been drawn along and broken up the road in one direction theposition of the tine-block is reversed, so as to bring the other set oftines into action and raise out of action the first-named set, and themachine is drawn or pushed in the opposite direction along the road. Themachine, when the tines are fixed out of action, travels upon thewheels, as before described.

In the drawings hereto annexed is illustrated an example of apparatusprovided with improvements according to this invention.

Figure l is a sectional elevation, Fig. 2 is a plan, and Fig. 3 atransverse end section, of the machine. Fig. 4 is adetail in sectionalplan of the tools and means for adjusting same. Figs. and 6 show amodification of the invention.

Referring to the drawings, more particularly to Figs. 1 to 4, a is theblock, consisting of a heavy casting mounted upon the shaft Z), in whichthe tools are carried.

c are the traveling wheels, mounted in the same vertical plane as theshaft Z).

(Z is the horizontal frame, supported mainly by the journals 0 of thewheels 0 on the shaft Z) and also by fore and aft wheels (2. Thesewheels 0 are of the swiveling type in the apparatus shown in thedrawings, having their supporting-spindles 6 carried by the block 6 onthe connecting-bars d at and on the ends of the frame, they beingadapted to be ad justed laterally on said shafts by a key or feather (Zfitting in a corresponding way in the block 0 These wheels, however, mayin some cases be dispensed with.

The tools are designated h and are adjustable in and carried by thecasing or block at either end thereof and are disposed, as shown, in anangular position. The means of adjustment consists of screws held by andworking in blocks j, and the blocks 7., which are used and disposedbetween the tools 7L and adjusted and pressed against same by thescrew-stud 7;. The blocks j are held in position on the end of thecasing b by pins and cotters j The tools /2 are preferably of triangularsection, as shown, and fit within apertures in the casing a, as shown,while the pressing-surfaces of the blocks it are made of correspondingform to the sides of the tool. To adjust the tools up to the work, sayafter they have been worn, the screw-studs 7.2 are slackencd and thestuds 1' screwed through the block j, pressing the tools 7L therebydownward. \Vhen the right position of the tools has been obtained, thescrew-studs are screwed up, thereby pressingthe blocks 7; up against thetools it and jamming them in position and preventing them from beingmoved, they being prevented from being pressed upward by the screws i.

The block a is oscillated in one direction or the other, according towhich set of tools it is required to use, by the tooth-wheel m, mountedon the shaft 12, carried in the frame (1, working in connection withtoothed rack 0 on the casting a on the shaft 71, itself beingoperatedthat is, rotated-by a worm 1), carried by and worked from theshaft 1), held by brackets p by the hand-wheel p and a worm-wheel (1,fastened on the shaft it. Thus by turning this wheel p in one directionor the other the block a will be moved or oscillated upon its shaft Z)and one or other set of tools brought down into contact with the road orsurface it is intended to scarify or break up.

'2' is a vessel in the upper part of the frame (I, adapted to containwater, having pipes r from same, with taps r thereon, by which water canbe supplied to the points of the tools and keep them cool. In some casesa part of this vessel may be divided off to hold tools, &c.,appertaining to the machine in work.

The machine is adapted to be propelled from either end by coupling it upwith the locomotive road-roller direct or by an indirect method, as aplowing or equivalent engines and wire rope or other suitable power.

\Vhen the apparatus is adapted to be directly connected with andpropelled by a loeomotiveengine, it is coupled up thereto by thebrackets t on the road-roller or engine, through which the shaft (1passes.

In operation, assuming the apparatus is to be propelled in the direction0 P, the easting a is oscillated, so as to bring the then rear ortrailing tools onto the surface of the ground to be broken, and beinginserted at the required depth the apparatus may be propelled or set inmotion, or the insertion of the tools may be effected after theapparatus has been started.

In the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6 each tool is carried in aseparate block or piece a, all the blocks being mounted upon the shaft1). They are operatedthat is, lowered onto and raised from the surfaceof the ground which they are to breakby pitch or other suitable chains0, working over sprocket-wheels m or on shaft 91., the said shaft Itbeing operated as above described.

In half of the blocks or pieces a-'[. (2., those on the one side-thetools are arranged on the aft side of the axis, while in the otherblocks or pieces on the other side of the ma chine the tools are carriedon the opposite 2". c., forwardside of the axis. Thus at one time allthe tools on the one side of the axis will be up when the others aredown, accord ing to the direction in which the machine is beingpropelled.

The machine is so arranged and constructed, as shown by the drawings,that the blocks or pieces a, with their tools 71, are capable of beingmoved or adjusted transversely across the machine between the frames,this adj ustmentbeing effected by making the pinion m, in the case ofthe apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 3, or the sprocket-wheel m, in thecase of the apparatus shown in Figs. 5 and 6, to slide laterally on thesaid shaft 91, which is rectangular, as shown. By this arrangement fourcuts can be taken in the road with the engine traveling in the same lineor track during each of and all the cutsthat is to say, one cut, thefirst, say, is taken by the engine traveling forward, the second by itstraveling backward, the third forward again, and the last backward.

The improvements above described have been set forth as applied inconnection with road-breaking apparatus separate from and adapted to bepulled or pushed by a locomotive road-roller or traction-engine; but itis to be stated that the actual breaking parts of it may be applieddirectly to the rear part or tender or tank of a locomotive road-rolleror traction-engine and form practically part thereof. I

What is claimed in respect of the hereindescribed invention is- 1. -Amachine for breaking up roads or other analogous hard surfaces,andadapted to break said surfaces when being propelled in either direction,comprising a tool-holder mounted upon a transverse axis, and adapted tooscillate thereon, and having tools mounted therein on the opposite sideof the axis, andadapted to be raised from and lowered onto the surfaceto be broken, alternately; and means,

by which said tool-holder is oscillated about its axis; substantially asset forth.

2-. A machine for breaking up roads or other analogous hard surfaces,andadapted to break said surfaces when being moved in either direction,comprising a tool-holder mounted upon a transverse axis, and adapted tooscillate thereon, and having tools mounted therein on opposite sides ofthe axis, and a handactuated Worm and worm-wheel driven thereby, foroscillating said tool-holder, and to raise and lower the tools on theopposite ends, alternately, off and onto the surface to bebroken,whereby said tool-holder can be readily moved by hand, and cannotmove of itself after being set; substantially as set forth.

3. Amachineforbreaking up roads,or other analogous hard surfaces, andadapted to break said surfaces when being propelled in either direction,comprising a tool-holder, mounted upon a transverse axis in acarrier-frame, separate from the propelling-engine,said toolholderhaving tools secured in opposite ends of said casting or block, andmeans for oscillating said tool-holder about its axis, and toalternately raise or lower one or other of the said sets of tools ontoand off the road; and road-wheels, on which said frame carrying thetool-holder is mounted and runs; substantially as described.

4. In a machine for breaking up roads or other analogous hard surfaces,an oscillating tool-holder a, supported on andadapted to oscillate aboutan axis b, and having a plurality of tools it carried on each end, onopposite raised oif, the surface to be broken; and a mechanism foroscillating said holder a, comprising hand-actuated worm p, and drivenworm-wheel q.

6. In a machine for breaking up roads, or other analogous hard surfaces,an oscillating tool-holder a, the supporting-shaft b, about which thesaid holder is adapted to oscillate,

and sets of tools h, disposed and supported in a onopposite sides; ofthe shaft-b, and disposed in echelon.

7. The oscillating tool-holder a, with tools it arranged in sets at theopposite ends of same, and in echelon, and the tooth-quadrant 0, bywhich the oscillations are effected.

8. In a machine for breaking up macadam roads or other analogous hardsurfaces, the combination of the tool-holder a, shaft b supporting a,frame 01 carrying the shaft 1), roadwheels 0 supporting the frame d, andworm and worm-wheels p q, pinion m, quadrant 0 on a, and the shaft n;said tool-holder being adapted to be moved and adjusted laterally alongits supporting-shaft b: as set forth.

In testimony whereof we hereunto affix our signatures in presence ofwitnesses.

RAYMOND BOMFORD. BENJAMIN BOMFORD. HENRY EVERSHED.

Witnesses to the signatures, of Raymond Bolnford and Henry Evershed:

GEORGE FREDERICK LODDER, PERCY TALBOT OooKLEY.

WVitnesses to the signature of Benjamin Bomford:

HELEN KENDRIOK, WM. DAVIS.

